Study Guide: Chapter 10 — Revolutions as Changes of World View

Core Concept

Paradigm change restructures perception itself — a gestalt switch with no neutral data underneath. Scientists don't reinterpret fixed observations; trained categories determine what is seen.

Key Terms

Gestalt switch · theory-laden observation · duck-rabbit · world change

Case Summary

The swinging stone: Aristotle sees constrained fall, Galileo sees a pendulum — different phenomena, different measurables, different science. Post-Copernican astronomers promptly "see" novelties in an unchanged sky.

Application Checklist

• [ ] List what your training makes you see instantly — then what it hides
• [ ] Staff your next review with differently-trained eyes (different objects, not opinions)
• [ ] After a framework switch, budget for perceptual retraining, not just learning

Self-Test

1. Why is there no stimulus-level fallback for the scientist?
2. How did Kuhn later reformulate "world change"?
3. What does expert perception research confirm about this chapter?